CentOS
From Hashmysql
Installation
To install the server package: yum install mysql-server
To enable MySQL on startup: chkconfig mysqld on
To start the MySQL server: service mysqld start
To set up MySQL's root user password and remove anonymous users and test database: mysql_secure_installation
Default Layout
my.cnf: /etc/my.cnf
datadir: /var/lib/mysql
socket file: /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
error log: /var/log/mysqld.log
Notes
Old Passwords - The default is to use OLD_PASSWORDS=1 for backwards compatibility. If you're doing a new install, you should remove this line